ABBREVIATIONS


In a music piece we often use abbreviations.
A well known example is the "ottave-sign". Ottava is Italian and means: play 1 octave higher.
Mostly we use a dotted lign, to show were you have to start and where to end with playing 1 octave higher.


By using this sign you can avoid the use of many little lines above or under the stave.
Sometimes we don't use a dotted line, but only the sign 8va. Where you have to play normal again, you see the word "loco".

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An other example of abbreviation is the sign on the left.
It means that you have to play in this bar,
exactly the same as in the previous bar.

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When there is a number above a whole rest sign in a bar, it means that you have rest for that many numbers of bars.
Sometimes you see a number above a few cubes like in the example.
Mostly we see this sign in music pieces for multiple instruments.